Food Security in Context of Climate Change in Pakistan: A Review

Abstract

The most complex issue of today is climate change which influences all regions of the world and results in extensive agitation to the natural ecosystem. It affects the different dimensions of life such as social, political, economic, and the sciences. Distortions in the natural ecosystem ultimately affect economic progression by posing severe threats to agricultural production and food security. The main reason behind this study is to review how climate change affects the food security by impacting agricultural production in Pakistan. It is forecasted that nine billion people would be food insecure in the world by 2050 mainly due to decrease in agricultural production. Pakistan is no exception to the effects of climatic variations. Researchers found that the extreme climatic effects like the melting of glaciers, irregular rainfall, flooding, droughts, changing temperature, heat waves, storms, and pest diseases are adding to the food insecurity problem. More than 212 million people live in Pakistan, out of which 58% are malnourished and about 20% of them are food insecure. Among the food insecure nations, Pakistan is ranking at a serious threshold level and the cost of climate change adoption is too high.