Research Journal of Social Sciences and Economics Review

Economic impacts of the Russia-Ukraine Conflict on Developing Countries: A focus on Agriculture, Industry, and Food Security

Prof. Dr. Abdoulrahman Aljounaidi — 2024-02-03

Background: The Russia-Ukraine conflict, a geopolitical struggle with global ramifications, has instigated profound economic implications, especially for developing countries. This research delves into the specific impacts on Agriculture, Industry, and Food Security in these vulnerable economies. The conflict has also exacerbated existing challenges such as climate change, environmental pollution, and health system weaknesses. Developing countries, such as Pakistan and Ethiopia, have been particularly affected, as they depend on Russia and Ukraine for essential products.

Objectives: The objective is to provide a comprehensive understanding of the multifaceted challenges and opportunities arising from the conflict, guiding policy responses and international collaboration.

Methodology: Employing a mixed-methods approach, using developing countries sample Pakistan and Ethiopia the research incorporates a thorough literature review, quantitative analysis, and case studies. Quantitative analysis involves a statistical SPI sensitivity price indicators examination to quantify the direct and indirect effects on the selected sectors. In-depth case studies of representative developing countries provide qualitative insights, while expert interviews contribute nuanced perspectives on geopolitical intricacies and potential mitigation strategies.

Results: Indicate significant disruptions in global trade, increased inflation, unemployment, supply chains, and resource availability, affecting agricultural production, industrial activities, food security in developing countries, and food shortages, as well. The research also underscores the importance of international cooperation, humanitarian considerations, and long-term resilience building.

In conclusion, this research not only sheds light on the intricate economic impacts of the Russia-Ukraine conflict on developing countries but also offers practical insights to inform policy decisions and foster sustainable development in the face of ongoing geopolitical challenges.

Role of Literacy & Non-Formal Education in Building a Sustainable and Peaceful Society in Punjab, Pakistan

Saima Nasreen — 2024-02-23

Literacy plays a vital role in the transition of the world as well as in building a sustainable and peaceful society. Promoting literacy leads to enhanced skills, knowledge, and upgraded mindsets which encourage individuals to build a sustainable future and assist them to make effective and informed decisions. The major objectives of the study were: 1) to explore the role of the literacy department in transition for promoting a sustainable peaceful society and 2) to identify the barriers to implementation of promoting literacy and a sustainable peaceful society. In the current research study, the qualitative research design was used. The population of the study was selected through purposive sampling technique all the stakeholders who could play a role in promoting literacy in the Punjab. The sample of the study was selected through a purposive sampling technique and it consisted of 15 stakeholders of the district Chiniot. The self-developed interview guide was used for data collection. However, the data was analyzed through thematic analysis. The findings of the study reflected that the literacy department has a significant role in promoting literacy for world transition and developing a sustainable peaceful society. It was recommended that the literacy initiatives should be expanded and should also be strengthened in all the areas of Punjab.

Work Flexibility and Work-Life Interface: Linking Formal Flexible Arrangements to Employee Job Satisfaction

Shahbaz Hyder Mughal — 2024-02-23

This study delves into the interaction between formal flexible work arrangements and the job satisfaction of employees, with a selected awareness of how these arrangements influence the work-life interface. The shifting landscape of work has witnessed the departure from traditional, inflexible work arrangements towards more adaptable and accommodating forms of employment. This change has been accompanied by numerous sorts of formal flexible work arrangements, consisting of part-time work and flextime. Achieving a sweet work-life interface is an aspiration for lots of employees, and formal flexible arrangements can serve as a critical tool in this pursuit. The study explored its size, the elements contributing to it, and its importance in the contemporary workplace. This study was quantitative in nature, with data collected using a close-ended questionnaire from personnel, i.e. (medical and paramedical staff) of the PPHI organization. Based on the role of Social Exchange Theory, the study formulates hypotheses that establish links between formal flexible arrangements and job satisfaction, offering insights into how work flexibility impacts employee job satisfaction. A strong correlation exists between formal flexible arrangements and job satisfaction among employees.

The Consequences of Cyberbullying on the Psychological Well-being of University Students

Dr. Zahida Noreen — 2024-03-19

Advancements in technological tools and the increasing use of social media platforms have led to the wreaking harm of cyberbullying. Cyberbullying is believed to be a significant societal problem that demands serious attention within communities (Heirman & Walrave, 2012). The purpose of the study was to explore the consequences of cyber victimization and cyberbullying on self-esteem, anxiety, and distress among university students. A cross-sectional survey was used on 400 university students studying at the BS level selected by using a convenient sampling technique. Research tools RCBI, BAI-Y, RSES, and BDI-Y were adapted. Scales were adapted contextualized, and pilot-tested. All scales were reliable with acceptable alpha value cyber victimization = 0.90, cyberbullying = 0.90, anxiety 0.83, self-esteem = 0.68, and distress = 0.79. The collected data were tabulated, analyzed, and interpreted using descriptive (frequency & percentage) and inferential statistics (t-test, Regression Analysis). The analysis revealed that anxiety has a positive relationship with cyber victimization and cyberbullying. Likewise, cyber victimization and cyberbullying increase the distress level of students. Moreover, self-esteem is negatively affected by cyber victimization and cyberbullying. Hence, it is concluded that there was a prevalence of cyber victimization and cyberbullying at the university level in Punjab, and cyber victimization and cyberbullying results in high anxiety, lower self-esteem, and a high level of distress. There is a need for collaboration between government agencies and universities to protect students from the occurrence of cyberbullying.

Decade of Judicial Politics in Pakistan: 2008-2018

Salahuddin Abro — 2024-03-19

A historical summary of the judiciary's role in undermining Pakistan's democratic process is the aim of this article. To give a thorough analysis of the activism of the judicial and its effects on democracy, establishing a suitable point of view can be aided by a quick historical overview that judicial interference has played a significant role in Pakistani politics throughout its political history. Throughout Pakistan's political and constitutional history, other institutions have repeatedly killed political rights in the country. In Pakistan's political history, there have been many examples of the military or bureaucratic establishment dissolving elected assemblies in an undemocratic way, often with the support of the judiciary. The goal of this research is to determine whether successful democracies and the theory of separation of powers are related. The theory of separation of powers, which has been applied to this inquiry, states that the allocation of power among the three branches of government is the primary cause of a weak democracy. This study is conducted using the qualitative technique. Moreover, the content analysis method is used to get the historical underpinnings of particular issues.

Exploring the Relationship between Talent Management and Employee Performance

Tauqeer Hussain Hakro — 2024-03-31

This study explored the relationship between Talent Management (TM) and Employee Performance (EP) in the organizational context of NGOs sector of Sindh, Pakistan. This study was purely quantitative, explanatory and cross-sectional. Deductive approach was used to develop hypotheses and test the relationship between variables. An instrument used for obtaining primary data through close-ended questions by listing the response on 7-point Likert scale indicating level of agreement and disagreement. Data acquired by convenience sampling. Three major NGOs were targeted for data acquisition, which included PPHI, SRSO and SEF. All workforce targeted for data acquisition. Subsequently, it was bifurcated into two groups (Officers and Employees). A total of 112 instruments distributed between both groups and 100 instruments considered fit and appropriate for making data analysis and interpretation through SPSS and PLS-SEM. TM identified through four dimensions, Talent Attraction (TA), Talent Development (TD), Career Management (CM) and Talent Retention (TR). Study approved all relationships and hence considered that TM is the major predictor to improve employee performance in the organizational context of NGOs sector of Sindh, Pakistan.